Construction of buildings



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet .2.y

J. (3..'PELTON. GONSTRUTION 0F BUILDINGS. No. 542,204. n Patented July `Z, 1895.

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"Nieren TAES JOHN COTTER PELTON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters-Patent No. 542,204, dated July 2, 1895. Application i'lled March ll, 1893. Renewed December 3, 1894 Serial No. 530,741. (No model-l tion of said invention, such as will enable others skilled in the Aart to which it most nearly appertains to make, use, and practice the same. y

My invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of walls, whereby I am able to provide them with an outer sheath or facing of marble or other expensive material, and it relates more particularly to brick, stone, or cement walls of buildings, although it may be applied to any kind or style of wall.

For the purpose of this application I lhave represented my invention as applied in the construction of a brick building.

In the drawings, Figli re 1, Sheet 1, is a perspective View of one side of a building with a portion at the left-hand corner broken away to show the method of construction. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a vertical section of a brick wall. Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a side sectional view of a shelf-supporter and shelf. Fig. 4, Sheet 2, shows my improved anchor device for securing the sheathing blocks or plates to the wall;

and Fig. 5 shows the wedge employed.

In building a brick, cement, or other wall I proceed with its construction in the usual way, only I place between the courses of bricks at suitable and properintervals (which shall be previously determined upon) plates a a and metallic or other tubes b b. These plates and tubes are laid between the courses of bricks as the building progresses, so that they form a permanent part of the wall structure. y

The plates a a are placed between the courses of bricks in horizontal series at proper distances apart, so that their ends project a shortv distance beyond the outer face of the wall, and thus serve as supports for the shelves on which the facing tiles, blocks, or plates will rest. I prefer to use angle-plates for this purpose, in which case the angular or bent inner end will interlock with the masonry, as represented at Fig. 2, and thus insure its perl manency.

The tubes b b pass entirely through the wall, and they are placed at such intervals above the plates a, as to come opposite the upper end of each sheathing tile, plate, or block, which rests upon the shelf below, or in case one shelf is intended to support two or more courses of sheathing tiles, plates, or blocks then I place a horizon tal series of tubes in the wall opposite the upper end of each block in each course. These plates and tubes are placedin the wall as it is built, and their application in no wayinterferes with the progress of the work. After the wall is built and thus ,equipped with supporting plates and tubes I then proceed to apply the outer facing, which we will presume is composed of thin sheets or slabs of marble.

Upon each horizontal series of projecting plates 01,1 place and secure a shelf c, which is made of angle-iron, in order to secure the desired stiffness. It will at once be understood that it is impossible in a brick structure to place the shelves and tubes in a fixed position corresponding with the height of the stones, because the supporting plates and tubes must be placed in the joints between the bricks,and there is always the thickness of a brick between the joints, so that some adjustment must be provided to accommodate the blocks to each other. I therefore adjust the shelf by building up on the projecting end of the support-plate o, to the desired height or level to accommodate the blocks. This can be done byinsertinga shim or wedge a between the plate and shelf and then bolt ing the shelf through to the plate, as shown. The shelves c are provided with dowel-pins e at short distances apart, which may extend both above and below the plate, as shown at Fig. 3.

The tiles, plates, or blocks Vwhich I use for sheathing or facing the wall I provide with holes bored in their edges in the proper places to allow the dowel-pins e to enter and t in them when the tiles, plates, or blocks are seated upon the shelves, and I then secure the upper end of each block to the wall by an anchor and tie through the tubes b, as follows: The anchor is composed of a wire, one end of which is formed into a hook g. This hook ICO enters a cavity formed in the upper end of each block or stone and the Wire is passed through the tube h to the opposite or inside of the wall. A nail 7L isthen driven into the wall at a convenient distance from the inside end of the tube and the Wire is wrapped around it. Acoilortwistjis then madein the wire at the inner end of the tube and the Wire is twisted until the block is drawn up and fitted to the proper adjustment. -To aid this operation, a Wedge or block 7s is inserted between the upper end of each block or stone and the Wall, so that a perfectly-true adjust- -ment can be made.

NVhcn one course of blocks rests upon another course, I use dowel-pins for connecting them together and holding them in place and wire anchors for tying them together, as above described. By this construction I am able to proceed. with the building of the brick wall without interruption until it is finished, and to then apply the facing, or both can progress at one and the same time, if desired, each being independent of the other.

My shelf arrangement is adapted to any style or construction of building, because it is entirely impracticable in any style of construction to employ a fixed shelf which has no adjustment.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In the construction of buildings, a supporting plate having an inner upturned end, in combination with a shelf connected directly to the projecting end of said plate, and means for connecting said shelf to the facing tile, sheet or bloclesubstantially as set forth.

2. In the construction of buildings, a supporting plate having an inner angular end, in combination with a shelf, a shim or Wedge interposed between said plate and shelf, and

means for connecting said plate, shelf and shim. substantially as set forth.A

3. In the construction of buildings, a supporting plate having an inner angular' end, in combination with an angular shelf having a dowel pin or stud engaging abutting facing plates, sheets or blocks, and means for connecting said shelf and plate, substantially as specified.

4t. In the construction of buildings, a supporting plate having an inner angular end, in combination with an angular shelf having a dowel pin or stud engaging abutting facing tiles, sheets, or blocks, a shim or wedge inter posed between said plate and shelf, and means for connecting said plate, shelf and shim, substantially as set forth.

5. In the construction of buildings, the combination, with a tube passing through the wall, of an anchor, comprising a Wire or rod passing through the tube, and having a hook at one end engaging a facing slab, sheet or block, and secured at the other end upon the inside of the Wall, said wire being adapted to be drawn upon to effectively secure said hook in the slab, sheet or block, substantiallyv as set forth.

6. In the construction of buildings, the

combination of plates having theirinner ends Vanchored in the Wall, shelves connected to 

